Blogging through Sociology of Development (2020)

"Only when there is group mobilization and action can social development be achieved." This article studies the role of ethnic groups in the social development of Third World countries. In today's world, there are various cultural elements, including race, religion, language, and lifestyle.And the role of ethnic groups is becoming more important because the new goal of social development calls for a shift of emphasis from individual to greater collective action. This ethnic group mobilization contributes to enhancing the ability to work continuously and more vigorously for people's welfare in terms of social development. However, depending on the perceived need and the consequences of social development, this could be a double-edged sword. I think it was good to try to systematically explain concepts (ethnic groups, social development) that we could not easily understand here. Also, the position that the direction of social development presented by neo-Marxism, t...

'Gender and Development' location, gender, class background and other socio-political identities based on economic development and globalization on people to understand and address the impact.A feminist approach for research. Gender discussions first took place in the 1950s, and about a decade later this became one of the biggest concerns of the international community.  And each of these areas is subdivided into three sub-positions known as Woman In Development (WID), Woman And Development (WAD), and GAD (Gender And Development). These theories led to discourse in their own ways, but there were also quite a few positions of doubt in their arguments. Since then, the neo-liberalistic approach has emerged as a new topic and continues to lead to discussions. I thought all the previous positions were meaningful in that they tried to overcome the differences caused by gender. Personally, I think the most familiar thing is also the neoliberal approach. The solutions they ...

The business side of sustainable forest management: Small and medium forest enterprise development for poverty reduction  Many local residents and natives have been managing forests and rainforests in their areas for a long time. They have lived in traditional ways of forestry and life, but they are also struggling with poverty. That's how it started: 'Small and medium first enterprise'. Short for 'SMFE'. SMFE encourages small and medium-sized businesses seeking sustainable forest development and sound forest development to receive incentives in various aspects. According to the World Bank, about 90 percent of the poor depend on forests for their living and income. That is, for them, the development of SMFE is an opportunity to revive small economies such as employment, profit sharing, capital accumulation, cultural and political empowerment, investment in public goods, and increased conservation of the forest ecosystem through long-term sustainable manag...

Micro-enterprise and micro-finance have been proposed as new ways to save poverty-stricken countries. With anecdotes, cases and media reports continuing to emerge suggesting that micro-enterprise and micro-financial programs contribute greatly to global poverty reduction, what exactly are they doing? The governments of early developing countries generally placed priority on the expansion of large urban industries. This was an activity that expected industrialization to modernize countries' economies and create an economic growth spiral that drove most of their workforce to well-paid jobs, but by the 1970s, in conclusion, most had poor results. Therefore, some people believed that developing micro-enterprise and local industries, rather than investing in large cities, would play a major role in solving poverty. This mainly involved small-scale financial activities (e.g., small loans) that could help the poor lead a stable life, which I thought could help the people develop ...

This article is an extension of the previous subject. The author thinks that the goals pursued by economic development are not much different from social development. And note the most important factor that makes this possible: 'education'.  However, he says it's harder than he thought to be.  The reasons are as follows.  1. Economic development plays a big role in bringing about social development, but we can't guarantee how much this will return to economic benefit. 2. Investing in social development is obviously valuable, but running it efficiently and well is more complicated than expected. In response, the author says increasing transparency in public funds will help. Finally, he once again stresses that there may be such difficulties, but this is possible, citing examples from various countries.  I think the same is true of theory, as there are exceptions to all phenomena. Because each country is in different situations, the results cannot be t...

We would often think that the goal of economic development is literally 'economic growth of the state or region'. But the author of this article argues that our judgment is wrong. His argument is that 'economic development is social development.' He says the main goal of economic development is actually to improve the welfare, structure, and system of society. Through improving the quality of life through economic development, many people say they have escaped the curse of poverty, but it is regrettable that this is not well illuminated.  The writer especially appreciated the effectiveness of education. Through education, humans can learn a more efficient and safe attitude to life, and we hope that this will ultimately help develop society. In addition, the author should raise the level of education for women. Claims. In fact, the higher the level of education for women, the higher the way society can contribute, and the higher the need for education. We...

Human rights are legal rights that apply universally to all human beings. It stresses that humans must respect and care for each other, and this right, which cannot be taken away without proper legal procedures, has become the basis of all public policy.  However, it has not been long since the discussion on human rights that we knew took place. For the first time in the 17th century, human rights discussed about their existence became sophisticated through two revolutions (the Declaration of American Independence, the Declaration of Human Rights in France), protecting the rights and freedoms of many citizens by law. Many will admit that human rights guarantee at least the standard of living humanly. Therefore, most would think that this value applies universally. But it occurred to me that it wasn't. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was the first global human rights treaty to be adopted by the United Nations, but it had limitations that it had no legal bindi...

Globally, aging is presented as a serious social problem. Improvements in quality of life, such as education and health care, caused by sustained economic growth have greatly increased human life expectancy, reaching a level that society cannot afford. An increase in life expectancy soon coincides with a decline in the birthrate. This means that the burden that young people who can work for future generations have to support and the economic conditions to raise their children are greatly increased, and eventually a vicious circle of society aging is created. Therefore, the role of policy in solving this will be paramount.  Social problems caused by aging are also serious in Korea. It is the future of many countries that have not been mentioned in the article but have been seen as examples, and we need to hurry up and think about countermeasures accordingly. I think the best way to solve this problem is to improve the environment in which the elderly can live. Retirement at a...

Demography is the study of conducting specific and systematic research on population. The fields of demographic study vary widely, including the size, structure, and distribution of the population, and how the population changes over time, including birth, death, migration, and how the population changes over time. And this statistical analysis studies the entire society or small groups that share ethnicity, religion and other elements. Analysis of the population first begins with taxation purposes and now helps understand the flow of a huge society, which can be a very sociologically useful indicator.  The study of population is a familiar subject to us because it is used in so many different ways in sociology. Among them, the most representative were the birth rate and mortality rate, both of which were very interesting to see that they were heavily influenced by the "education" level. The birth rate was already expected, but it was not easy to predict that the level of...

The digital divide refers to an imbalance between certain groups in terms of use and access to information and communication technology(ICT). The group that creates the gap here may be the gap between countries or within the country. This is expressed by various criteria held by individuals or groups, including nationality, gender, age, economy, and health. Unlike in the past, there has been a lot of digital media distribution around the world. However, the digital divide is a problem that is still observed and observed in a variety of the beholder. In other words, this suggests a complex problem that cannot simply be dismissed as a matter of economic power and accessibility. In spite of the spread of the media, it was the ability of many to notice the cause of the gap that was not resolved (ex. information accessibility, information utilization, information acceptability) that simply grasping the media is not everything, but creating an environment in which they can learn and...

Social science has begun to pay attention to the social changes brought on by digital media technologies such as mobile phones, social networks and the virtual world. The best example is a cell phone. With the advent of mobile phones, people who were crowded with public phone booths began to disappear and caused changes in society, with social norms related to mobile phones emerging. It has also become a society where humans now have to rely on them because they live in a world where they can't live without cell phones. As such, social science has become a new task to study the social changes that technology will bring in the future. Many people think that games (including video games) are unhealthy. But this is said to be a scientifically proven fact. Rather, it showed a positive role in lowering the smoking rate for teenagers. It is also said that increasing game-related violence is an unreliable theory. Looking at the results of this study, it would be nice if many people...

 Of course, I think the most influential case in our lives is smartphones. It's already been about 10 years since smartphones first came out in the world, but compared to before, our lives would have changed beyond imagination in the past.Many technologies have developed or modeled on smartphones. One of the articles I read in the past described the relationship between a smartphone and a human being as a kind of "mechanization of human beings (probably?)," but in retrospect, it was a very appropriate analogy.   Another example is big data. In line with the information age, big data is a very diverse material. It predicts people's daily patterns, and it can detect problems. Furthermore, it is also useful for guessing social phenomena. Big data is now trying to leverage it not only in companies but also in industries, sports and even government agencies. Through this, we hope that our lives will contribute greatly to the movement toward further improvement.

"Society is not determined by technology,  nor is technology determined by society.  Both emerge as two side of the sociotechnical coin." What is meant by that? I think the development of technology and society emphasize that one side is superior so that it is not sequenced, but that it is balanced with each other. There will be experience in which technological advances have changed the way we live. And changes in membership soon lead to changes in society. There will also be the opposite. Social support is essential for certain technologies to be developed safely and help many people. I think this is the analogy of the two sides of the coin.

 I think the position determined by the level of military technology. It has been more than 100 years yet, but society at that time will be much different from what it is now. By the middle of the 20th century, the world was in the age of the jungle. During the reign of imperialism, many countries used military power and capital to colonize other countries, and did not hesitate to use violence such as looting, domination, massacre and oppression. Also, ideological differences have led the world to two huge wars. Many countries have participated in the war, but the forces leading the war will be those with the strongest military and capital power.   Another example that best illustrates  is the Cold War era. There was no major conflict at the time, but the U.S. and the Soviet Union, located at a symmetrical point, used different countries to play a fierce chess game. Immediately after liberation, South and North Korea were also divided by the intervention of othe...

 I learned about sustainable development over a few weeks. I think the most memorable thing was when I saw 'how to implement sustainable development' and 'the future energy technology'. However, I felt that practicing sustainability through this class was more difficult than I thought.  Many people, including myself, know its importance, but not many will know what and how to start. However, there were many people who tried with clear goals, and they seemed to have learned a little bit of their efforts. We just didn't know. In fact, wouldn't many attempts have been made for sustainable development? Although many efforts have been hampered by the difficulty of economic efficiency, I felt that this could be overcome to some extent by the development of technology. Then why can't our technology contribute to sustainable development?

Climate change is still a subject of much debate. Humans have the technology to destroy climate and environment, and many changes have been made. (in a bad direction) Right now, we need to find ways to stop using technology that has these risks or minimize damage. Humans have the technology to change climate, and we can't be sure what kind of change will come from a small impact within a complex ecosystem. But most people doubt the fact that they have such abilities. Several technologies have already been invented to slow or reverse climate change. But if we don't get as much profit as we invested, we'll have to hurry up and think about other ways.  Among the suggested methods, the most promising is the supply and demand of energy through satellites. Of course, it's not just a satellite, it's an ‘electric satellite with a huge mirror’. This mirror absorbs solar heat and converts it into energy. And it is possible to receive the energy and use it as electricity....

Many people have tried and will continue to promote the importance of sustainability. But we must have all felt unconsciously the ambiguity of the word sustainability. It is one of the long-standing discussions over sustainability, and it will be the most difficult one. Because the sustainable society that we all want is different! In fact, it is very difficult to meet the standards of everyone around the world. Because different people need different levels. It is also quite difficult for future generations to predict the amount of need. In this situation, the writer suggests how to develop sustainability as follows.  1. Break sustainability down by sector 2. Speak in specifics 3. Clearly identify who benefits 4. Paint a picture As mentioned earlier, it is very difficult to predict the future and plan accordingly. Nevertheless, many institutions, organizations and scholars have worked very hard to do this, and we should also consider and cooperate to create a path t...

 PD(Positive Development) theory is based on the ecological philosophy that emerged in the 1980s. According to this, the existing institutional and physical structures reduce future’s choices. It argues that a truly sustainable framework of planning, decision and design is realized by transforming a negative system into a positive one. PD proposes ways to enable net positive design and development. Coming from the theory, "Net Positive" is a new paradigm for sustainable development and design. A net positive system/structure will be said to 'give more back to nature and society' over each life cycle. In contrast, such as loss of biodiversity, cumulative pollution, wealth imbalance and social inequality. In order to reverse the future direction, development must increase nature beyond the pre-human condition.  The original principle of sustainability (natural conservation and equity between current and future generations) focuses more on the future. Accordingly, l...

Sustainable development seeks to make the various resources (limited and increasingly depleted) used by our society available to future generations as much as necessary. It is part of economic, social development and environmental protection policies for the future, holding the current generation accountable for excessive environmental damage. It has moved to implement this in various sectors of modern society, including education, environment, energy, economy, policy and so on, making it one of the global concerns. Sustainable development certainly seems to have good intentions. But the criticism of this was quite interesting. They argue that as long as the Earth uses its existing finite resources, it will eventually run out. In other words, depletion is a process that we will inevitably undergo, and the meaning of the word 'sustainable' itself is vague and its practice itself is impossible. Reading this content, I thought it was important to make efficient use of resourc...

In modern times, the view of evolution is now largely understood rom three perspectives. After two World Wars from a political point of view, this time the Cold War era was considered the main focus of evolution. The United States and the Soviet Union have called themselves the best in their respective systems. Many of the countries liberated from colonial rule tried to develop themselves and this itself became a role model for sociocultural evolution. From a technical perspective, we present the combination of artificial intelligence and data at the next stage of our society. Much of our lives will continue to depend on various electronic functions, and I think we have already reached the turning point of evolution that many people have thought of. From an anthropological point of view, I think external factors (competition in other societies, different natural environments) are the center of evolution, and some have suggested that adaptation to nature and harmony with other gr...