Blogging through Sociology of Development (2020)

Social development basically focuses on the equitable distribution of social justice and the fruits of development. The goal of social development is to ultimately respond to human needs and improve the quality of life to create a more humane society. Such social development requires collective mobilization and collective action to enable social development. Collective mobilization enhances people's ability to work continuously and more vigorously for their welfare. The role of ethnic groups in social development is important because the goal of social development calls for a shift of emphasis from individual to greater collective action. Collective mobilization enhances people's ability to work continuously and more vigorously for their welfare. However, depending on political purposes or the consequences of social development, ethnic group mobilization can act as a positive or negative force. Nationality has political implications for people's mobilization. In addition, u...

Gender and development use a feminist approach to understand and resolve the impact of things like economic development and globalization on people based on social and political identities such as gender. Gender and development study problems related to quality of life, such as education and crime rates, through the way researchers immerse themselves in the life of the subject. GAD (Gender and Development) focuses on the social differences between men and women and their impact on development. The GAD approach does not treat women as special, but rather as society allocates roles, responsibilities and expectations without being biased by both women and men. That is to readjust the expectations for the traditional gender role. This approach was criticized for ignoring the bond between men and women and the possibility of changes in gender roles. It was also criticized for not having a sufficient understanding of culture. This has led to the emergence of new approaches. There has also be...

Microenterprise and microfinance programs are known to contribute greatly to global poverty reduction. The article says that such perceptions overemphasize the contributions of these programs. Microenterprise and microfinance programs have certainly helped create small and medium-sized enterprises and strengthen existing small and medium-sized enterprises in low-income communities, but have not affected much in addressing poverty. These programs have raised the household income and living standards of community members, and have had a positive impact on the community as a whole. But this one strategy cannot solve poverty. The problem of modern poverty is not one way, but the intervention of individuals, communities and countries. What is needed now is to effectively combine economic growth with various social development interventions. There is a need to come up with various measures centered on Microenterprise owners and microfinance programs. What was interesting was that the artic...

Poverty is one of the great obstacles that many people in the world face. Poverty can be caused by low productivity of households, and these households face financial constraints and a lack of incentives for entrepreneurship. The author says that the best cure for this poverty relief is to encourage more in business activities and start new venture businesses through entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurial process is important for successful entrepreneurs. The government's policies on economic growth or poverty have not had a significant impact on entrepreneurship activities, and most beneficiaries have not gained much satisfaction from the government's programs. Programs such as entrepreneurship training can help poor small business owners grow their businesses and give themselves and others a chance to escape poverty. For this development of entrepreneurship, the focus should be on entrepreneurship training, participation in small and medium enterprises, strengthening youth c...

It is not enough to invest in human and social development. The nature of the economy is also important. The economic benefits from education may have some sort of limitation. But investing in social programs and making it work is not simple. Since social development has good economic feasibility, it is reasonable to do so. But the government does not put more resources into these high-yield investments. This is because investing in social development means investing in poor people. Another reason is that social programs are not easy to operate efficiently. People in government know that social programs can be run more efficiently, but they are reluctant to put in scarce resources because it is difficult to run them. The author emphasizes the transparency of the use of public funds as a way to resolve this. What was interesting was an explanation of the countries that quickly achieved social development. These countries were well aware of the need to deliver social programs to the po...

The most fundamental goal of economic development was not economic growth, but to improve human welfare, namely social development. Social development is a great investment in terms of contributing to economic growth in addition to directly improving human welfare. Social programs are the best investments in future economic growth. There is a significant correlation between education and economic development. An educated population can be the key to long-term growth. Education allows us to secure human resources to increase the output of society. Also, more educated workers earn higher incomes, so education may be the best investment parents can make to their children.  Educated people bring benefits not only to themselves but also to society as a whole, and education also has high social benefits, even if they do not enter the regular workforce and make physical money. What was interesting was a new perspective, different from the previous view that economic growth and the guara...

After World War II, the human rights movement became active, and there were many stories about human rights on the international stage. What triggered this human rights movement was the realization of the Holocaust, capitalism and modern society. Over time, however, criticism of the human rights movement has also arisen. Questions have been raised about the universal claim to these human rights norms. Asian governments have criticized these human rights norms as preaching without regard for cultural diversity. Supporters of universal human rights criticize these claims as extreme cultural relativism. What was interesting was that the concept of human rights, which we generally think is right, may not be compatible with each cultural situation. The communist concept within Western political ideas is slightly out of line with the notion that values traditional individuals in Asia, and Western individualism is also out of line with Eastern communism. Many scholars are trying to find a c...

Human rights refer to the universal and identical rights held by all inalienable human beings. The debate over the definition of the term "right" is still ongoing. The definition of human rights has consistently been a subject of philosophical debate. In the past, there was no concept of human rights. After two World Wars, awareness of human rights began to spread widely. Since The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, many treaties have been announced regarding human rights. There are also many regional conventions and organizations around the world that encourage and manage human rights. In general, human rights are classified as political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights. What was interesting was the debate between cultural relativism and universalism. Advocates of cultural relativism argue that human rights are not univ...

The world's population is aging rapidly. One of the main factors behind this is an increase in life expectancy. Since the 1900s, life expectancy has increased significantly with improvements in public health and control of infectious diseases. Then, the birth rate also has been decreasing. Today, the average number of women's children is less than 2.5, and about half of the world's population lives in countries with a lower birthrate than the replacement rate. Young people migrate to cities or rich countries, which has led to a sharp increase in the number of elderly people living alone in many countries. This phenomenon is causing big problems. Labor and pension issues are the biggest problems. To solve these problems, countries need to share information and collect data among countries for research. What was interesting was that the shape of the family was changing. The number of elderly people living alone is increasing, and the younger generation is separated from the...

Demography is the study of the structure and change of human population. Demography is a powerful tool to help explain population statistics by providing them with indicators when describing social phenomena. Demography is mainly based on data derived from registration statistics, such as census, birth or death. Demographers pay keen attention to birth and death rates, the main indicators of change. Recently, the risk of overpopulation has been emphasized. Overpopulation means the proportion of more people than the resources needed to survive. Conversely, if the country goes through a demographic shift, the birth rate may fall, leading to a shortage of people. What was interesting in the reading was the impact of urbanization. Urbanization can also raise the temperature of the surrounding environment. Urbanization prevents overpopulation and minimizes human land use. This is why urbanization can play a role in leaving more for nature. Urbanization does not just destroy the environmen...

There is obviously a generational gap between Internet savvy youth and less savvy older generation. Older generations who are less savvy with the Internet have limited access to information compared to young people. They can only see information gained by relying only on familiar media. This seems to be happening because of the lack of information and technology on new media. For example, in 2016, I was put into demonstration management when I was in riot police(auxiliary police). The demonstration was dominated by the older generation. There I happened to hear the dialogue of the protest participants. Listening to their talking, where they get information from the Internet was very limited, and it was conservative newspapers or conservative community sites. Their biggest reliance on information was on a site called Ilbe in Korea. When you think about young people who are familiar with the Internet getting information from various sites, you can feel that there is a big difference be...

The digital divide refers to the phenomenon in which access to information and communication technology is uneven among social groups. This happens because of the cost of accessing information or geographical reasons. The digital divide is not mitigated simply by the dissemination of devices. It can be mitigated by knowing how information or technology is available. There are several factors involved in the digital divide. Income levels and educational attainment are the most strongly related factors. Creating the right infrastructure and providing knowledge are ways to narrow the digital divide. What's interesting here is why the digital divide should be narrowed. People think that a healthy democracy can be achieved by narrowing the digital divide. They say that people will be able to solve each other's problems and participate in more activities by communicating with each other through the Internet. This must be related to the ability to obtain information. The Interne...

Technologies such as mobile phones and the Internet have changed our lives a lot. These are relatively recent, so there are not many studies yet, but some of them show side effects or changes in society. For example, new social norms have been created since cell phones were created, such as when they can be used and when they should not be used. Social networks also become an extension of social life, allowing individuals to feel a sense of belonging to social groups. What was interesting here was that these newly emerging technologies looked like new human bodies. People feel strong anxiety when they don't have smartphones. Without it, there is no big problem in working, but without a smartphone, you feel anxious as if you lost a part of your body. People also try to stay in of the social group even by uploading photos that may can hurt them on social networks. These points make us feel like our own bodies have expanded through the media. I think more research will be needed to ...

There are many topics related to social development and the future. Agriculture is one of them. When people talk about the social development and the future, they often talk about the development of technology closely related to us. But the case of agriculture is not easily mentioned in the talk of such topics, even though it is closely related to the food we eat. This is why I chose this topic. When talking about the future and social development, I thought it was necessary to think about topics related to agriculture. This video talks about Arcologies, an environmental planning cities, in relation to future agriculture. Arcology refer to the form of self-sufficient residences in skyscrapers. It is an environmentally sustainable community that enables self-sufficiency. In arcology, if only enough power is produced, crops may be increased through LED lighting, which is more efficient for the photosynthesis of plants than sunlight. Arcology is a concept that can replace existing citie...

I think future technology will be more sustainable. More and more consumers are already beginning to recognize sustainability. When consumers choose products in many areas, sustainability takes a big part in their selection criteria. Also, I think future technology needs to be more sustainable than it is now, as everyone knows enough that the Earth is being devastated and resources are being exhausted. And I think this is an inevitable natural process. I understand that many companies are already embarking on sustainable technology development. I also know that there is a government that provides support to companies that develop sustainable technologies. I think developing more sustainable technology will be more sustainable because it will be a way for consumers to choose more, support from the government, and save future companies.

Everyone talks about sustainability, but no one knows what it looks like. It should not harm the ability of future generations to meet their needs while meeting their current needs. But all of these words are abstract. To talk about sustainability, we need to do some things. First, sustainability should be subdivided into segments and classified by sector. Second, we need to talk specifically about sustainability. Third, we need to distinguish who benefits from sustainability. Fourth, you have to think about what it is and what it looks like, actually sustainability. Many organizations continue to study sustainable futures for this reason. It is certainly too difficult to imagine and portray a sustainable future. It is difficult to paint the future in the first place. In the past, people thought there would be flying cars everywhere in 2019. Imagining a sustainable future would be even more difficult in that it should portray a future that many people can agree on. To do this, many p...

Land recycling is the reuse of land assets that was abandoned, empty, or unused. Making new use of contaminated land or reinvest in underprivileged areas are also included in land recycling. The typical way of land recycling is recycling abandoned or unused buildings. This reuse of buildings reduces the cost of demolition and reduces the generation of building pollutants. In this respect, land recycling shows sustainability. It reduces excessive land use because there is no need to build many new facilities by utilizing existing infrastructure. It is interesting that land recycling has a side effect. Land recycling can cause gentrification. Because most abandoned buildings exist in slums and poor areas, as existing companies invest in such buildings, rich people enter the buildings and drive out existing residents. Land recycling is an important way to make sustainable development, but it has great side effects. How can we reduce side effects such as gentrification when recyc...

In the philosophy of the Joseon Dynasty (the Neo-Confucianism), humans were superior to animals and plants, but should not be used recklessly, and there was also a belief that natural forms such as mountains and water affect human life and the luck of the country. Therefore, it was not possible to use nature recklessly during the Joseon Dynasty.  Resources such as trees, which were used to build houses, were thoroughly managed, documenting, and controlling them strictly if they were to violate the regulations.  There were also designated mountains where trees could not be cut. In particular, pine trees, which were widely used by the royal family, were thoroughly managed. Pine trees, which had many uses, could not be cut down if they were less than 100 years old.  In the case of water, levees were built to preserve the quantity and trees were planted nearby.

Sustainable development is a form of development that satisfies the needs of the present generation to the extent that it does not harm the foundation on which future generations can meet their needs. This is to achieve economic growth without destroying natural resources. This stems from the need to solve the growing environmental problems facing the Earth. To do that, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) was created. For this, a global movement called UN Decade for Sustainable Development has also begun. International awareness of ESD is growing. Sustainable development can be thought of in terms of environment, economy, and society. Sustainable development had a lot of criticism that what development should be continued for that is not clear. It is interesting that there is no exact factor to determine whether society is sustainable. I think that for our society to move in a sustainable way, we need tools to measure whether our society is sustainable. We need to think a...

The approaches to sociocultural evolution have changed after criticism of classical theories. Modern theories pay attention to each society that exists in historical context. Neo-evolutionists argue that accidental events and free had effects on the process of social evolution. And it relies on measurable information, not value judgments and assumptions. Theory of modernization argues that societies are divided into traditional and advanced societies. And it argues that Western societies have developed the most, and that the rest societies will eventually reach the same level as Western societies. It was interesting that some of modern sociocultural evolution theories still had something like Western-centered perspective. Theory of modernization had it. It was the argument that Western society was the most advanced and that other societies were just following it. I thought it was necessary to break away from a Western-centered perspective and to consider the specificity of each s...