Week 5-1 | Sociocultural Evolution (1) | Lee Jaeseong


Composite image of the Earth at night in 2012, created by NASA and NOAA.
Sourced by : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution#/media/File:City_Lights_2012_-_Flat_map_crop.jpg

1. Summary
Social and cultural evolution is a theory that tells how culture and society change over time. People learn through social environment and social interaction. They exist in complex social environments and live by adapting.

Later thinkers speculated that society developed through stages. Georg Hegel (1770-1831) also viewed social development as an inevitable process. Along with 18th-century Scottish Enlightenment, the concept of philosophical progress also developed. In the 19th century, this theory emerged as Marxist theory of social and cultural evolution, social cycle theory, and historical materialism.

There are three main modern theories.
First, neoevolutionism. This theory, which emerged in the 1930s, developed greatly after World War II and was incorporated into anthropology and sociology in the 1960s. Contrary to the 19th century theory of evolution, the theory argued that thought and freedom would have a great impact on the social evolution process.
Sociobiology would have been very far from classical social evolution. Similar to biology, this theory uses many scientific techniques. The most important keyword in this theory is genes.
Modernization theory was developed and popularized in the 1950s and 1960s. It talks about the development of the Western world, the social development of developing countries, and the progress of the third world. It literally emphasizes modernization the most.

2. Interesting Poing
It was a very difficult content the development process of various social and cultural evolution theories could be recognized. The most interesting theory was Neovolutionism. This theory distinguishes between the general evolution process and the evolution of a particular society. General evolution is said to be a holistic, non-continuous accumulation of solutions achieved in the evolution of a particular society (e.g., written language, administrative officials, etc.). It was very interesting to hear a strange theory. It is also a theory that I want to study a little more.

3. Discussion
Let's take a look at the pictures you showed in class and posted above. There are many countries that have not yet lit up. Not only North Korea but also countries in the third world.

Let's rethink the theory of modernization here. There has been criticism that this theory revolves around advanced Western countries. But I think I have to walk the path of developed countries in order for third world countries to develop. Because they are the countries that have achieved the best social development in modern society. What do you think?

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